Result

Change signal above the local baseline

Radar change at the pin (6.93) is higher than 99% of the changes seen at this place in the same months a year earlier (4.55). This often matches structural damage, but needs an expert to confirm.

Requires expert review A screening indicator, not proof of damage, not a valuation and not a legal or engineering opinion.

Change at the pin
6.93 maximum within 30 m
Local control threshold
4.55 99th percentile, a year earlier
Built-up area above threshold
76.8% within 300 m (60.1% of the whole area)

What the area looked like

The sharpest available pair

The report also contains the sharpest optical pair available for the pin. Its licence (CC BY-NC 4.0) allows non-commercial use only, so it is not reproduced on this website; it is listed with its scene IDs below.

Sharp satellite radar

Radar that shows the buildings, through cloud and at night

Commercial satellite radar at 0.41–0.43 m sees the buildings themselves, through cloud and at night. The pair below is an example from Iceland, not an Israeli case and not part of this report. The 10 m Sentinel-1 measurement behind the result is described in the PDF and on the method page; it is not shown as a picture.

Satellite radar example · Grindavík, Iceland, 2024 · not an Israeli case

Satellite radar image of the northern edge of Grindavík, Iceland, 14 November 2023: houses and streets, with the future lava edge dashed in amber and three houses circled.
Before · 14 November 2023 · 0.41 m · Umbra X-band SAR (satellite radar) Umbra Space, Umbra Open Data Program; cropped and marked up by Orakta · CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
The same area on 15 January 2024: a lava field, outlined in amber, covers the edge of the district; the three circled houses are inside it.
After · 15 January 2024 · 0.43 m · Umbra X-band SAR (satellite radar) Umbra Space, Umbra Open Data Program; cropped and marked up by Orakta · CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

Satellite radar images, not photos. Amber: the lava edge (dashed before, solid after) and the three houses it burned on 14 January 2024. Blue crosses mark the same unchanged points in both images. The before image is grainier.

The PDF

What the report looks like

The first of four pages. The others cover the radar evidence, the method, known limitations and full provenance.

Page 1 of the PDF report: place and dates, the requires expert review strip, the result with three numbers; the sharp optical pair is masked on the website.
Page 1 · Result and imagery

The sharp optical pair on this page (CC BY-NC 4.0, non-commercial use only) is masked on the website.

Provenance

Every scene named, every figure hashed

An excerpt from the evidence bundle. Anyone can fetch these scenes from the public archives and check the report figures against their SHA-256 hashes.

Scenes

Sharp before
37/031131233233/10300100D797E100
Sharp after
37/031131233233/10300500D9F8D200
Radar before
S1A_IW_GRDH_1SDV_20230128T153424_20230128T153449_046986_05A2B6
Radar after
S1A_IW_GRDH_1SDV_20230209T153423_20230209T153448_047161_05A88A
Optical before
S2B_MSIL2A_20220917T081609_R121_T37SCB_20220918T051514
Optical after
S2B_MSIL2A_20230624T081609_R121_T37SCB_20230624T133450

The radar baseline uses Sentinel-1A scenes from 3 orbits over the twelve months before the event; the full list is in the bundle.

Figure hashes (SHA-256)

img_maxar_before.png
8638680ec06dd2565c22d106d9d06c157b5ef79edd5ba9f7d83f4d9f35afc7e3
img_maxar_after.png
638bd2f9bc3b938cc1ed7f538c6ca15a72b25458cd76a7db0cde7ed1a60a1009
s2_before.png
78a0f7c261502074e7475c628c5164766fa3d2270b8bc016fca2ac499a9e7b3d
s2_after.png
d64c516b618d9df49221d0016bd0beb7313fd16183bf03526916d29d0d7edeaa
pwtt.png
ab101d746805f652555159356c75dd8befdab478fa5e60802f209bdf6520e38d
s1_pair.png
af56f2a039ea961dc2657d7faa6d3c90bfa859863029ce32aa80cc9bb2ac5062

Hashes refer to the original report files. Images on this page are cropped and compressed for the web, so their own hashes differ.

Limits

Read before relying on it

  • A radar pixel is about 10 × 10 m and can cover several buildings. The result is not a building-by-building damage assessment.
  • Construction, demolition, debris clearing, vegetation and flooding also change radar and can look like damage.
  • Light damage to windows, roofs or interiors is usually invisible from orbit.
  • Sharp archive imagery exists only for some places and dates. When it is missing, the report says so.
  • Viewing angles and seasons differ between images, so buildings can appear shifted.

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Send the addresses and the event date. The same business day, we tell you whether sharp satellite imagery exists and what a report would cost. Nothing is bought without your written approval.